1. What are standard numbers?
+Standard numbers are numbers that have a defined syntax, drafted and maintained by +standard bodies, and embraced by organizations worldwide. +Standard numbers are considered to be unique. +They are assigned by the standard body or can be constructed in a specified manner to ensure uniqueness. +They can be checked for validity and most of them carry checksums.
+The economic advantages of standard numbers are manifold
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they are compact
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they identify things or entities
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they can be printed, recognized, and compared for identification
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they can be processed by computers, for instance as a key in a database
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they are globally available
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they persist
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The Java API for standard numbers provides
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a parser for standard numbers
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a formatter for standard numbers
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a checksum calculator
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and a validator for standard numbers
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The following standard numbers are implemented
+ARK, DOI, EAN, GTIN, IBAN, ISAN, ISBN, ISMN, ISNI, ISSN, ISTC, ISWC, ORCID, PPN, SICI, UPC, ZDB
+2. ARK - Archival Resource Key
+An ARK is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that is a multi-purpose identifier +for information objects of any type. An ARK contains the label ark: after the +hostname, an URL request terminated by '?' returns a brief metadata record, +and an URL request terminated by '??' returns metadata that includes a commitment +statement from the current service provider.
+The ARK and its inflections ('?' and '??') gain access to three facets of a +provider’s ability to provide persistence.
+Implicit in the design of the ARK scheme is that persistence is purely a matter +of service and not a property of a naming syntax.
+See ARK IETF RFC, +10 years ARK
+3. DOI - Digital Object Identifier System (ISO 26324, Z39.50 BIB-1 Use Attribute 1094)
+DOI is an acronym for "digital object identifier", meaning a "digital identifier of an object" +rather than an "identifier of a digital object". The DOI system was initiated by the +International DOI Foundation in 1998, and initially developed with the collaboration +of some participants in ISO/TC46/SC9. Due to its application in the fields of +information and documentation and previous collaboration with some ISO/TC46/SC9 participants, +it was introduced as a possible work item in 2004 and further developed from 2006 to 2010.
+The DOI system is designed to work over the Internet. A DOI name is permanently assigned +to an object to provide a resolvable persistent network link to current information about +that object, including where the object, or information about it, can be found on the +Internet. While information about an object can change over time, its DOI name will not +change. A DOI name can be resolved within the DOI system to values of one or more types +of data relating to the object identified by that DOI name, such as a URL, an e-mail address, +other identifiers and descriptive metadata.
+The DOI system enables the construction of automated services and transactions. +Applications of the DOI system include but are not limited to managing information +and documentation location and access; managing metadata; facilitating electronic +transactions; persistent unique identification of any form of any data; and commercial +and non-commercial transactions.
+The content of an object associated with a DOI name is described unambiguously +by DOI metadata, based on a structured extensible data model that enables the object +to be associated with metadata of any desired degree of precision and granularity +to support description and services. The data model supports interoperability +between DOI applications.
+The scope of the DOI system is not defined by reference to the type of content +(format, etc.) of the referent, but by reference to the functionalities it provides +and the context of use. The DOI system provides, within networks of DOI applications, +for unique identification, persistence, resolution, metadata and semantic interoperability.
+4. EAN
+European Article Number is a 13-digit barcoding standard for marking products +sold at retail point of sale.
+Numbers encoded in UPC and EAN barcodes are known as +Global Trade Item Numbers (GTIN).
+5. GTIN - Global Trade Item Number
+GTIN describes a family of GS1 (EAN.UCC) global data structures that employ +14 digits and can be encoded into various types of data carriers.
+Currently, GTIN is used exclusively within bar codes, but it could also be used +in other data carriers such as radio frequency identification (RFID). +The GTIN is only a term and does not impact any existing standards, nor does +it place any additional requirements on scanning hardware.
+For North American companies, the UPC is an existing form of the GTIN.
+Since 2005, EAN International and American UCC merged to GS1 and also +EAN and UPC is now named GTIN.
+The EAN/UCC-13 code is now officially called GTIN-13 (Global Trade Identifier Number). +Former 12-digit UPC codes can be converted into EAN/UCC-13 code by simply +adding a preceeding zero.
+As of January 1, 2007, the former ISBN numbers have been integrated into +the EAN/UCC-13 code. For each old ISBN-10 code, there exists a proper translation +into EAN/UCC-13 by adding "978" as prefix.
+The family of data structures comprising GTIN include
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GTIN-8 (EAN/UCC-8): this is an 8-digit number
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GTIN-12 (UPC-A): this is a 12-digit number
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GTIN-13 (EAN/UCC-13): this is a 13-digit number
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GTIN-14 (EAN/UCC-14 or ITF-14): this is a 14-digit number
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See GTIN info
+6. IBAN ISO 13616 International Bank Account Number (IBAN)
+The International Bank Account Number (IBAN) is an internationally agreed means of +identifying bank accounts across national borders with a reduced risk of transcription +errors. It was originally adopted by the European Committee for Banking Standards (ECBS) +and later as an international standard under ISO 13616:1997. The current standard +is ISO 13616:2007, which indicates SWIFT as the formal registrar.
+Checksum calculation is in accordance to ISO 7064 MOD-97.
+7. ISAN - ISO 15706 International Standard Audiovisual Number
+The International Standard Audiovisual Number (ISAN) is a unique identifier for +audiovisual works and related versions, similar to ISBN for books.
+It was developed within an ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) TC46/SC9 +working group. ISAN is managed and run by ISAN-IA.
+The ISAN standard (ISO standard 15706:2002 and ISO 15706-2) is recommended or required +as the audiovisual identifier of choice for producers, studios, broadcasters, +Internet media providers and video games publishers who need to encode, track, and +distribute video in a variety of formats.
+It provides a unique, internationally recognized and permanent reference number for each +audiovisual work and related versions registered in the ISAN system.
+ISAN identifies works throughout their entire life cycle from conception, to production, +to distribution and consumption.
+ISANs can be incorporated in both digital and physical media, such as theatrical +release prints, DVDs, publications, advertising, marketing materials and packaging, +as well as licensing contracts to uniquely identify works.
+The ISAN identifier is incorporated in many draft and final standards such as +AACS, DCI, MPEG, DVB, and ATSC.
+8. ISBN - International Standard Book Number (ISO 2108, Z39.50 BIB-1 Use Attribute 7)
+The International Standard Book Number is a 13-digit number +that uniquely identifies books and book-like products published +internationally.
+The purpose of the ISBN is to establish and identify one title or +edition of a title from one specific publisher +and is unique to that edition, allowing for more efficient marketing of products by booksellers, +libraries, universities, wholesalers and distributors.
+Every ISBN consists of thirteen digits and whenever it is printed it is preceded by the letters ISBN. +The thirteen-digit number is divided into four parts of variable length, each part separated by a hyphen.
+This class is based upon the ISBN converter and formatter class by +Openly Informatics, Inc.
+9. ISMN - International Standard Music Number (ISO 10957, Z39.50 BIB-1 Use Attribute 1092)
+The International Standard Music Number (ISMN) is a thirteen-character alphanumeric identifier +for printed music developed by ISO. The original proposal for an ISMN was made by the +UK Branch of IAML (International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation +Centres).
+The original format comprised four elements: a distinguishing prefix M, a publisher ID, +an item ID and a check digit, typically looking like M-2306-7118-7.
+From 1 January 2008 the ISMN was defined as a thirteen digit identifier beginning 979-0 where +the zero replaced M in the old-style number. The resulting number is identical with its +EAN-13 number as encoded in the item’s barcode.
+See ISMN Manual 2008
+10. ISNI - International Standard Name Identifier (ISO 27729)
+The International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI) is a method for uniquely identifying +the public identities of contributors to media content such as books, TV programmes, +and newspaper articles. Such an identifier consists of 16 numerical digits divided +into four blocks.
+Checksum calculation is in accordance to ISO/IEC 7064:2003, MOD 11-2.
+11. ISSN - International Standard Serial Number (ISO 3297, Z39.50 BIB-1 Use Attribute 8)
+The International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) is a unique +eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic periodical +publication. The ISSN system was adopted as international standard +ISO 3297 in 1975. The ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC 9 is responsible +for the standard.
+The ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) is an eight-digit number +which identifies periodical publications as such, including electronic +serials.
+The ISSN is a numeric code which is used as an identifier: it has no +signification in itself and does not contain in itself any information +referring to the origin or contents of the publication.
+The ISSN takes the form of the acronym ISSN followed by two groups +of four digits, separated by a hyphen. The eighth character is a +control digit calculated according to a modulo 11 algorithm on +the basis of the 7 preceding digits; this eighth control character +may be an "X" if the result of the computing is equal to "10", +in order to avoid any ambiguity.
+The ISSN is linked to a standardized form of the title of the +identified serial, known as the "key title", which repeats +the title of the publication, qualifying it with additional elements +in order to distinguish it from other publications having identical +titles.
+If the title of the publication changes in any significant way, +a new ISSN must be assigned in order to correspond to this new form +of title and avoid any confusion. A serial publication whose +title is modified several times in the course of its existence +will be assigned each time a new ISSN, thus allowing precise +identification of each form of the title : in fact it is then +considered that they are different publications even if there +is a logical link between them.
+Contrary to other types of publications, the world of serial +publications is particularly changeable and complex : +the lifetime of a title may be extremely short; many publications +may be part of a complex set of relationships, etc. +These particularities themselves necessitated the introduction +of the ISSN.
+See All about ISSN:
+12. ISTC - International Standard Text Code (ISO 21047)
+The International Standard Text Code (ISTC) is a numbering system for the unique identification +of text-based works; the term “work” can refer to any content appearing in conventional +printed books, audio-books, static e-books or enhanced digital books, as well as content +which might appear in a newspaper or journal.
+The ISTC provides sales analysis systems, retail websites, library catalogs and other +bibliographic systems with a method of automatically linking together publications +of the “same content” and/or “related content”, thus improving discoverability of +products and efficiencies.
+An ISTC number is the link between a user’s search for a piece of content and the +ultimate sale or loan of a publication.
+The standard was formally published in March 2009.
+Checksum algorithm is ISO 7064 MOD 16/3.
+13. ISWC - International Standard Musical Work Code (ISO 15707)
+International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC) is a unique identifier for +musical works, similar to ISBN.
+Its primary purpose is in collecting society administration, and to clearly identify works in +legal contracts. It would also be useful in library cataloging.
+Due to the fact that a musical work can have multiple authors, it is inevitable that, +on rare occasions, a duplicate ISWC might exist and might not be detected immediately.
+Because of the existing business practices among collecting societies, it is not possible +to simply declare an ISWC as obsolete. In such cases, as soon as they are identified, +the system will deal with duplicate registrations by linking such registration records +in the ISWC database.
+14. ORCID - Open Researcher and Contributor ID
+ORCID is compatible to International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI, ISO 2772).
+Checksum calculation is according to ISO/IEC 7064:2003, MOD 11-2.
+15. PPN - Pica Productie Nummer
+A catalog record numbering system, uniquely identifying records, used by PICA +(Project voor geIntegreerde Catalogus Automatisering) integrated library systems.
+16. SICII - Serial Item and Contribution Identifier (Z39.56)
+The SICI code (Serial Item and Contribution Identifier) is described in the +American standard ANSI/NISO Z39.56. The SICI code is known among +international scientific publishers and reproduction rights agencies. +The SICI even provides for the unambiguous identification of each article +or contribution published in a given issue of a serial publication.
+The SICI contains
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the ISSN
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the date of publication, between brackets and formatted according to the +formula YYYYMM
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the issue number
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the version number of the standard, here 1, preceded by a semicolon
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and lastly a hyphen which precedes the control character calculated +on the basis of all the preceding characters
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Example:
+17. UPC - Universal Product Code (ISO 15420)
+The Universal Product Code (UPC) is a barcode symbology (i.e., a specific type of barcode) +that is widely used in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, +New Zealand and in other countries for tracking trade items in stores. +Its most common form, the UPC-A, consists of 12 numerical digits, which are uniquely +assigned to each trade item.
+Along with the related EAN barcode, the UPC is the barcode mainly used for scanning +of trade items at the point of sale, per GS1 specifications.
+UPC data structures are a component of GTINs (Global Trade Item Numbers).
+All of these data structures follow the global GS1 specification which bases on +international standards.
+18. ZDB - Zeitschriftendatenbank-ID
+ZDB is the world’s largest specialized database for serial titles (journals, annuals, newspapers, also +e-journals).
+19. Javadoc
+The Javadoc can be found here.
+20. Gradle test report
+The Gradle test report can be found here.
+